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Iyipada agbekalẹ fun Halogen-Free Flame Retardant PVC Alawọ

Iyipada agbekalẹ fun Halogen-Free Flame Retardant PVC Alawọ

Ifaara

Onibara ṣe agbejade awọ-awọ PVC ti ina-iná ati antimony trioxide ti a lo tẹlẹ (Sb₂O₃). Wọn ṣe ifọkansi bayi lati yọkuro Sb₂O₃ ati yipada si awọn idaduro ina ti ko ni halogen. Ilana ti o wa lọwọlọwọ pẹlu PVC, DOP, EPOXY, BZ-500, ST, HICOAT-410, ati antimony. Yiyi pada lati inu agbekalẹ awọ-ara PVC ti o da lori antimony si eto idaduro ina-ọfẹ halogen duro fun igbesoke imọ-ẹrọ pataki kan. Iyipada yii kii ṣe ibamu pẹlu awọn ilana ayika ti o lagbara pupọ si (fun apẹẹrẹ, RoHS, REACH) ṣugbọn tun mu aworan “alawọ ewe” ọja naa pọ si ati ifigagbaga ọja.

Awọn italaya bọtini

  1. Pipadanu Ipa Amuṣiṣẹpọ:
    • Sb₂O₃ kii ṣe idaduro ina ti o lagbara lori tirẹ ṣugbọn ṣe afihan awọn ipa imuṣiṣẹpọ ina ti o dara julọ pẹlu chlorine ni PVC, ni ilọsiwaju imudara daradara. Yiyọ antimony kuro nilo wiwa ọna miiran ti ko ni halogen ti o ṣe atunṣe amuṣiṣẹpọ yii.
  2. Imudara Idaduro Ina:
    • Awọn idaduro ina ti ko ni halogen nigbagbogbo nilo awọn ikojọpọ giga lati ṣaṣeyọri awọn iwọn-idaduro ina deede (fun apẹẹrẹ, UL94 V-0), eyiti o le ni ipa awọn ohun-ini ẹrọ (rọ rirọ, agbara fifẹ, elongation), iṣẹ ṣiṣe, ati idiyele.
  3. Awọn abuda Alawọ PVC:
    • Alawọ PVC nbeere rirọ ti o dara julọ, rilara ọwọ, ipari dada (embossing, didan), resistance oju ojo, resistance ijira, ati irọrun iwọn otutu kekere. Ilana tuntun gbọdọ ṣetọju tabi ni pẹkipẹki awọn ohun-ini wọnyi.
  4. Iṣẹ ṣiṣe:
    • Awọn ikojọpọ giga ti awọn kikun ti ko ni halogen (fun apẹẹrẹ, ATH) le ni ipa lori ṣiṣan yo ati iduroṣinṣin sisẹ.
  5. Awọn idiyele idiyele:
    • Diẹ ninu awọn idapada ina halogen-ọfẹ ti o ga julọ jẹ gbowolori, ṣe pataki iwọntunwọnsi laarin iṣẹ ati idiyele.

Ilana Aṣayan fun Awọn ọna Idaduro Ina Ọfẹ Halogen (fun Alawọ Oríkĕ PVC)

1. Primary Flame Retardants - Irin Hydroxides

  • Aluminiomu Trihydroxide (ATH):
    • O wọpọ julọ, iye owo-doko.
    • Mechanism: Ibajẹ endothermic (~ 200°C), itusilẹ omi oru lati dilute awọn gaasi ina ati atẹgun lakoko ti o n ṣe Layer dada aabo.
    • Awọn apadabọ: Iṣiṣẹ kekere, ikojọpọ giga ti a beere (40-70 phr), dinku rirọ pupọ, elongation, ati ilana ilana; jijẹ otutu ni kekere.
  • Iṣuu magnẹsia Hydroxide (MDH):
    • Iwọn otutu ibajẹ ti o ga julọ (~ 340 ° C), dara julọ fun sisẹ PVC (160-200 ° C).
    • Awọn apadabọ: Awọn ikojọpọ giga ti o jọra (40-70 phr) nilo; iye owo diẹ ti o ga ju ATH; le ni gbigba ọrinrin ti o ga julọ.

Ilana:

  • Ṣe ayanfẹ MDH tabi idapọ ATH/MDH kan (fun apẹẹrẹ, 70/30) lati ṣe iwọntunwọnsi idiyele, imudara iwọn otutu sisẹ, ati idaduro ina.
  • Itọju oju-oju (fun apẹẹrẹ, silane-coupled) ATH/MDH ṣe imudara ibamu pẹlu PVC, dinku ibajẹ ohun-ini, ati imudara idaduro ina.

2. Ina Retardant Synergists

Lati dinku awọn ikojọpọ idaduro ina akọkọ ati ilọsiwaju ṣiṣe, awọn amuṣiṣẹpọ jẹ pataki:

  • Fosforisi-Nitrogen Flame Retardants: Apẹrẹ fun awọn ọna PVC-ọfẹ halogen.
    • Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP): Ṣe atilẹyin gbigba agbara, ti o n ṣẹda Layer idabobo intumescent.
      • Akiyesi: Lo awọn onigi sooro otutu-giga (fun apẹẹrẹ, Ipele II,>280°C) lati yago fun jijẹ lakoko sisẹ. Diẹ ninu awọn APPs le ni ipa akoyawo ati resistance omi.
    • Diethylphosphinate Aluminiomu (ADP): Imudara to gaju, ikojọpọ kekere (5-20 phr), ipa ti o kere julọ lori awọn ohun-ini, iduroṣinṣin igbona to dara.
      • Yiyọ: Iye owo ti o ga julọ.
    • Awọn Esters Phosphate (fun apẹẹrẹ, RDP, BDP, TCPP): Ṣiṣẹ bi awọn idaduro ina ṣiṣu ṣiṣu.
      • Aleebu: Meji ipa (plasticizer + iná retardant).
      • Konsi: Awọn moleku kekere (fun apẹẹrẹ, TCPP) le ṣe ṣilọ/yi pada; RDP/BDP ni ṣiṣe ṣiṣu ṣiṣu kekere ju DOP ati pe o le dinku irọrun iwọn otutu kekere.
  • Zinc Borate (ZB):
    • Idiyele-kekere, iṣẹ-ọpọlọpọ (idaduro ina, imukuro ẹfin, olupolowo char, egboogi-dripping). Ṣiṣẹpọ daradara pẹlu ATH/MDH ati awọn eto irawọ owurọ-nitrogen. Aṣoju ikojọpọ: 3–10 phr.
  • Zinc Stannate/Hydroxy Stannate:
    • Awọn imupalẹ ẹfin ti o dara julọ ati awọn amuṣiṣẹpọ idaduro ina, pataki fun awọn polima ti o ni chlorine (fun apẹẹrẹ, PVC). Le rọpo ipa amuṣiṣẹpọ antimony ni apakan. Aṣoju ikojọpọ: 2–8 phr.
  • Awọn akojọpọ Molybdenum (fun apẹẹrẹ, MoO₃, Ammonium Molybdate):
    • Awọn ipanilaya ẹfin ti o lagbara pẹlu amuṣiṣẹpọ imuṣiṣẹpọ ina. Aṣoju ikojọpọ: 2–5 phr.
  • Nano Fillers (fun apẹẹrẹ, Nanoclay):
    • Awọn ikojọpọ kekere (3–8 phr) ṣe ilọsiwaju idaduro ina (idasile eefun, oṣuwọn itusilẹ ooru dinku) ati awọn ohun-ini ẹrọ. Pipin jẹ pataki.

3. Ẹfin Suppressants

PVC gbe ẹfin eru nigba ijona. Awọn agbekalẹ ti ko ni halogen nigbagbogbo nilo idinku ẹfin. Zinc borate, zinc stannate, ati awọn agbo ogun molybdenum jẹ awọn yiyan ti o dara julọ.

Ilana Idaduro Ọfẹ Halogen ti a daba (Da lori Ilana Atilẹba ti Onibara)

Àfojúsùn: Ṣe aṣeyọri UL94 V-0 (1.6 mm tabi nipon) lakoko mimu rirọ, ṣiṣe ilana, ati awọn ohun-ini bọtini.

Awọn ero:

  • Ilana atilẹba:
    • DOP: 50-70 phr (plasticizer).
    • ST: O ṣee ṣe stearic acid (lubricant).
    • HICOAT-410: Ca / Zn amuduro.
    • BZ-500: Seese a lubricant/processing iranlowo (lati jẹrisi).
    • EPOXY: Epo soybean Epoxidized (ajọpọ-imuduro/plasticizer).
    • Antimony: Sb₂O₃ (lati yọ kuro).

1. Niyanju Ilana Ilana (fun 100 phr PVC resini)

Ẹya ara ẹrọ Išẹ Nkojọpọ (phr) Awọn akọsilẹ
PVC Resini polima mimọ 100 Alabọde / iwuwo molikula giga fun sisẹ iwọntunwọnsi / awọn ohun-ini.
Primary Plasticizer Rirọ 40–60 Aṣayan A (Iwọntunwọnsi Iye owo/Iṣe): Ester fosifeti apakan (fun apẹẹrẹ, RDP/BDP, 10–20 phr) + DOTP/DINP (30–50 phr). Aṣayan B (Ipo-aaju-kekere): DOTP/DINP (50–70 phr) + idaduro ina PN daradara (fun apẹẹrẹ, ADP, 10–15 phr). Ibi-afẹde: Baramu rirọ atilẹba.
Alakoko ina Retardant Idaduro ina, idinku ẹfin 30–50 MDH ti a ṣe itọju oju tabi idapọ MDH/ATH (fun apẹẹrẹ, 70/30). Iwa mimọ to gaju, iwọn patiku ti o dara, itọju dada. Ṣatunṣe ikojọpọ fun idaduro ina ibi-afẹde.
PN Synergist Idaduro ina ti o ga julọ, igbega char 10–20 Aṣayan 1: APP ti o ni iwọn otutu (Ipele II). Aṣayan 2: ADP (ṣiṣe ti o ga julọ, ikojọpọ kekere, iye owo ti o ga julọ). Aṣayan 3: Awọn olutọpa ester Phosphate (RDP/BDP) - ṣatunṣe ti o ba ti lo tẹlẹ bi awọn ṣiṣu ṣiṣu.
Synergist/Ẹfin Suppressant Idaduro ina ti o ni ilọsiwaju, idinku ẹfin 5–15 Iṣeduro konbo: Zinc borate (5–10 phr) + zinc stannate (3–8 phr). Iyanṣe: MoO₃ (2–5 phr).
Ca/Zn amuduro (HICOAT-410) Iduroṣinṣin gbona 2.0–4.0 Lominu ni! Ikojọpọ ti o ga diẹ le nilo la awọn agbekalẹ Sb₂O₃.
Epo Soybean Epooxidized (EPOXY) Àjọ-amuduro, plasticizer 3.0–8.0 Daduro fun iduroṣinṣin ati iṣẹ iwọn otutu kekere.
Awọn lubricants Iranlowo ṣiṣe, itusilẹ m 1.0–2.5 ST (stearic acid): 0.5–1.5 phr. BZ-500: 0.5-1.0 phr (ṣatunṣe da lori iṣẹ). Imudara fun awọn ikojọpọ kikun kikun.
Iranlọwọ Iranlọwọ (fun apẹẹrẹ, ACR) Yo agbara, sisan 0.5–2.0 Pataki fun ga-filler formulations. Ṣe ilọsiwaju ipari dada ati iṣẹ-ṣiṣe.
Miiran Additives Bi o ṣe nilo – Awọn awọ, UV stabilizers, biocides, bbl

2. Iṣagbekalẹ Apeere (Nilo iṣapeye)

Ẹya ara ẹrọ Iru Nkojọpọ (phr)
PVC Resini K-iye ~ 65-70 100.0
Primary Plasticizer DOTP/DINP 45.0
Phosphate Ester Plasticizer RDP 15.0
Dada-Mu MDH – 40.0
Iwọn otutu APP Ipele II 12.0
Sinkii Borate ZB 8.0
Zinc Stannate ZS 5.0
Ca / Zn amuduro HICOAT-410 3.5
Epo Soybean Epoxidized EPOXY 5.0
Stearic Acid ST 1.0
BZ-500 Oloro 1.0
ACR Processing Iranlọwọ – 1.5
Awọn awọ, ati bẹbẹ lọ. – Bi o ṣe nilo

Lominu ni imuse Igbesẹ

  1. Jẹrisi Awọn alaye Ohun elo Aise:
    • Ṣe alaye awọn idanimọ kemikali tiBZ-500atiST(kan si alagbawo awọn iwe data olupese).
    • Daju gangan ikojọpọ tiDOP,EPOXY, atiHICOAT-410.
    • Ṣe alaye awọn ibeere alabara: Idaduro ina ibi-afẹde (fun apẹẹrẹ, sisanra UL94), rirọ (lile), ohun elo (ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ, ohun-ọṣọ, awọn baagi?), Awọn iwulo pataki ( resistance tutu, iduroṣinṣin UV, resistance abrasion?), Awọn opin idiyele.
  2. Yan Awọn giredi Idaduro Ina kan pato:
    • Beere awọn ayẹwo idaduro ina-ọfẹ halogen ti a ṣe deede fun alawọ PVC lati ọdọ awọn olupese.
    • Ṣe pataki ATH/MDH ti a ṣe itọju dada fun pipinka to dara julọ.
    • Fun APP, lo awọn onigi sooro otutu-giga.
    • Fun awọn esters fosifeti, fẹ RDP/BDP ju TCPP fun ijira kekere.
  3. Idanwo-Iwọn Laabu & Imudara:
    • Mura awọn ipele kekere pẹlu awọn ikojọpọ oriṣiriṣi (fun apẹẹrẹ, ṣatunṣe awọn ipin MDH/APP/ZB/ZS).
    • Dapọ: Lo awọn alapọpo iyara giga (fun apẹẹrẹ, Henschel) fun pipinka aṣọ. Fi awọn olomi kun (plasticizers, stabilizers) akọkọ, lẹhinna awọn powders.
    • Awọn Idanwo Ṣiṣe: Idanwo lori ohun elo iṣelọpọ (fun apẹẹrẹ, aladapọ Banbury + calendering). Bojuto plastification akoko, yo iki, iyipo, dada didara.
    • Idanwo Iṣe:
      • Idaduro ina: UL94, LOI.
      • Awọn ohun-ini ẹrọ: Lile ( Shore A), agbara fifẹ, elongation.
      • Rirọ / rilara ọwọ: Koko-ọrọ + awọn idanwo lile.
      • Irọrun otutu-kekere: Ayẹwo tẹ tutu.
      • Gbona iduroṣinṣin: Kongo pupa igbeyewo.
      • Irisi: Awọ, didan, embossing.
      • (Iyan) Ẹfin iwuwo: NBS ẹfin iyẹwu.
  4. Laasigbotitusita & Iwontunwonsi:
Oro Ojutu
Insufficient iná idaduro Mu MDH/ATH tabi APP pọ; fi ADP; je ki ZB/ZS; rii daju pipinka.
Awọn ohun-ini ẹrọ ti ko dara (fun apẹẹrẹ, elongation kekere) Din MDH/ATH dinku; pọ PN synergist; lo awọn ohun elo ti a ṣe itọju dada; satunṣe plasticizers.
Awọn iṣoro sisẹ (iki giga, dada ti ko dara) Je ki awọn lubricants; pọ si ACR; ṣayẹwo dapọ; satunṣe temps / awọn iyara.
Iye owo to gaju Je ki awọn ikojọpọ; lo iye owo-doko ATH / MDH idapọ; akojopo yiyan.
  1. Pilot & Gbóògì: Lẹhin iṣapeye lab, ṣe awọn idanwo awakọ lati jẹrisi iduroṣinṣin, aitasera, ati idiyele. Ṣe iwọn soke nikan lẹhin afọwọsi.

Ipari

Gbigbe lati orisun-antimony si awọ-awọ-iná-idaduro halogen-ọfẹ PVC ṣee ṣe ṣugbọn nilo idagbasoke eto. Awọn ọna mojuto daapọ irin hydroxides (pelu dada-mu MDH), irawọ owurọ-nitrogen synergists (APP tabi ADP), ati multifunctional ẹfin suppressants (zinc borate, zinc stannate). Nigbakanna, iṣapeye awọn ṣiṣu ṣiṣu, awọn amuduro, awọn lubricants, ati awọn iranlọwọ ṣiṣe jẹ pataki.

Awọn bọtini si Aseyori:

  1. Ṣetumo awọn ibi-afẹde ati awọn ihamọ (idaduro ina, awọn ohun-ini, idiyele).
  2. Yan awọn idapada ina-ọfẹ halogen ti a fihan (awọn ohun elo ti a ṣe itọju oju, APP iwọn otutu giga).
  3. Ṣe idanwo laabu lile (idaduro ina, awọn ohun-ini, sisẹ).
  4. Rii daju dapọ aṣọ ati ibamu ilana.

    More info., you can contact lucy@taifeng-fr.com

Akoko ifiweranṣẹ: Oṣu Kẹjọ-12-2025
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